While the Holy Spirit is not restricted to the church, and importantly the church does not “own” or “dispense” the Holy Spirit, there is a constitutive role of the Spirit in the church ontologically. It is not just a religious club or a national institution. It is the “body of Christ” united to its head by means of the Spirit.

—Mark J. Cartledge, The Mediation of the Spirit: Interventions in Practical Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2015), 138.